==== Cryoprotectants ==== List of cryprotectants used successfully in flash–cooling macromolecular crystals(([[http://www.cell.com/structure/fulltext/S0969-2126(94)00116-2|Rodgers DW (1994) Cryocrystallography, 2(12), 1135–1140]])) ^ Type ^ Concentration (%) ^ |Glycerol |13–30(v/v) | |Ethylene glycol |11–30(v/v) | |Polyethylene glycol 400 |25–35(v/v) | |Xylitol |22(w/v) | |(2R,3R)–(–)–butane–2,3–diol |8(v/v) | |Erythritol |11(w/v) | |Glucose |25(w/v) | |2–methyl–2,4–pentanediol (MPD) |20–30(v/v) |